Degradable plastics yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov yas uas tuaj yeem degrade hauv ib puag ncig ntuj nrog cov molecules me me uas tsis muaj teeb meem rau ib puag ncig. Kev txhim kho thaum ntxov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv degradable, xws li cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab, muaj cov khoom ntawm cov khoom siv degradable uas tuaj yeem degraded sai sai hauv cov av, ua rau tag nrho cov yas tawg mus rau hauv cov yas me me. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev degradation no tsuas yog kev dag ntxias xwb, thiab cov khoom me me ntawm cov yas tseem nyob hauv cov av yuav tsis txuas ntxiv mus. Degradable plastics uas tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kev no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav tag nrho degradation ntawm plastics yam tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem.
Daim ntawv, tsiaj txhu, nroj tsuag, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tev yog yooj yim degradable hauv tsev pov tseg, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lawv degradation yog kev tawg ntawm carbon-oxygen bonds los yog carbon-nitrogen bonds nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Cov plastics feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov polymers uas muaj olefin monomers txuas nrog covalent bonds. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog polyethylene, polypropylene, thiab polyvinyl chloride. Molecular muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub ntsiab Cheebtsam yog polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, thiab lwm yam. Nws stability yog zoo heev, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau tawg thiab degrade nyob rau hauv lub stimulation ntawm ntuj tej yam kev mob. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov kev ua tau zoo degradation yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov qauv tsim, yog li lub hom phiaj degradable tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev qhia cov heteroatoms xws li oxygen thiab nitrogen rau hauv cov khoom siv polymer tseem ceeb ntawm cov yas. Tam sim no, cov plastics degradable synthesis los ntawm cov tshuaj synthesis feem ntau yog biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, xws li polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), thiab polycaprolactone.
